4. Additional nominations may be made by any member of the society.

5. Officers and officials shall be elected by ballot of the qualified voters in the society at large except that election may be by acclamation in the event that there is a single nominee.

ARTICLE VIII (QUORUM)

1.The members of the society at large shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business except for election of councilor to the American Society for Microbiology when ten ACTIVE members shall constitute a quorum.

2. Four members of the executive committee, one of whom shall be a member-at-large, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business.

ARTICLE IX (AMENDMENTS)

1. Amendments to the constitution may be proposed by any member, referred to the executive committee which shall report at the next regular meeting where the society, by a two-thirds vote of those present, may adopt the proposed amendment.

2. Amendments to the by-laws may be proposed by any member at any regular meeting and, if approved by a majority of the members present, shall be immediately effective.

BY-LAWS

1. THE Society YEAR shall begin on the first day of January and end on the last day of December. Branch Officers serve for two years.

2. a.   At least two  regular meetings shall be held during the Society year as determined by  the executive committee.

    b.   Business shall be conducted at least once each Society year at one of the Branch meetings, which will be designated as

          the annual business meeting.

3. Special meetings may be substituted for any meeting except the annual business meeting and except that the number of regular meetings shall not be less than two during the society year.